Tuesday, December 24, 2019

Alternative Energy Sources For Renewable Energy - 1466 Words

During the course of history, this country has been seeking new forms of energy that will provide clean energy and also preserve Earth s lifespan. The use of renewable and non-renewable resources has been a major controversy throughout history; renewable energy such as wind power has been the main focus of this issue. Many would believe wind energy is the best renewable power source because it is the cleanest and most efficient, whereas, others view wind energy as a time bomb that will soon destroy the planet. Alternative energy sources should replace non-renewable energy with wind energy. One reason wind energy should replace non-renewable energy sources is because energy provides clean energy to home and farms all across the nation. These natural resources will never run out, and as a result, alternative energy resource companies will never have to break open the earth s surface to find other resources. Cedrick N. Osphey, a writer for the NOVA Science Publishers Inc., says, They also offset the need to mine, process, and ship coal and uranium; drill and transport natural gas†¦ (Osphey 6). The process of capturing alternative fuels requires vacant land, then digging deep beneath the earth s surface to pick up minerals and nutrients to create fuels. The damage below the surface is causing natural, violent activity above the surface that effects people. Dan Chiras defines wind in his article Power from the Wind as, air in horizontal motion across the earth s surfaceShow MoreRelatedAlternative Energy Sources For Renewable Energy1710 Words   |  7 Pagesconcern fo r our environment, alternative energy has become a source of energy that is an alternative to the problem that these fossil fuels have caused our Earth. Alternative energy are renewable and is considered to be free energy sources (Alternative Energy). All alternative energy sources have lower carbon emissions when being compared to conventional energy sources. These sources include Biomass Energy, Wind, Solar, Geothermal, and Hydroelectric Energy (Alternative Energy). With the use of recyclingRead MoreAlternative Energy Sources For Renewable Energy1511 Words   |  7 PagesRenewable energy has become a widely popular topic in society. With the rapid depletion of fossil fuels, scientist are looking to natural and renewable resources to create a means to produce sustainable energy. There are many alternative energy sources that have proven useful in the past couple of years. Some of the alternative energy sources are not only more useful than others but have proven to be easier t o attain and also prove to create a more substantial amount of energy. Today, the most widelyRead MoreAlternative Energy For Renewable Energy Sources3426 Words   |  14 Pagesworld has depended on one form of energy for transportation, and that is fossil fuels. This means as our demand for these fossil fuels increases our supply will decrease dramatically. As supply dwindles and costs rise, nations will be forced to utilize alternative energy sources. Coal, both non-renewable and environmentally destructive, is the most likely near-term candidate for replacing oil as a primary energy source. In order to achieve a secure and stable energy supply that does not cause environmentalRead MoreAlternative Sources Of Energy For Renewable Energy1766 Words   |  8 PagesAbstract Majority of electricity generated in New Zealand are mainly from renewable source of energy that are naturally occurring. These source of energy are not consumed when converted hence they will not be depleted, and they are constantly reusable and replenish naturally. Increase in research and investment toward renewable energy will benefit New Zealand society as it will generate less pollution, and more jobs opportunities will emerge. Furthermore it will benefit New Zealand by reinforcingRead MoreRenewable Energy : Alternative Energy Sources1906 Words   |  8 PagesNon- Renewable Energy These energy sources are very efficient in the way they work and provide for our needs. Unfortunately, there are two immense disadvantages for fossil fuels and non-renewable resources. They are named non renewable for a reason, the process that these resources go through literally takes millions of years for them to be useful for our needs. â€Å"We have to recognize there is a finite planetary quantity of each nonrenewable resource that can be recovered economically. In theory,Read MoreAlternative Energy Resources : Renewable Energy Source848 Words   |  4 PagesAlternate energy resources are being developed to compete against the fossil fuel power stations. Fossil fuel such as coal and oil are drilled and shoveled out of the ground and then processed to be turned into electricity. Problems with fossil fuels are that they produce hazardous air emissions and give off by-products that will harm the area. Some well-known alternate renewable energy resources are wind, solar, and hydr o power. These are all sources that are in abundance and will be around forRead MoreAlternative Sources of Renewable Energy Essay1629 Words   |  7 Pagesthe need for energy is growing as well. We are accustomed to using fossil fuels as our central source of energy for everyday uses. Fossil fuels are a natural matter that is found in the ground of the Earth formed in a previous time period millions of years ago that are nonrenewable and are used for energy today. Fossil fuels have to be burned in order to produce energy. When nonrenewable resources have been used, they cannot restock themselves or ever be used again. Renewable energy is a supplyRead MoreAssess the Potential of Three Sources of Renewable Energy as Alternatives to Using Fossil Fuels in the Developing World1850 Words   |  8 Pagesbecame the main source of energy. However, faced with the notable increase demand for energy, fossil fuel, as a non-renewable resource becomes scarcer and more expensive nowadays. To solve this problem, the world needs to replace fossil fuels with other sources of energy which are relatively low-cost and more secure. Renewable energy is such a potential energy. This essay will give an outline of three sources of renewable energy to be used in developing nations, which are solar energy, wind power andRead MoreRenewable Energy : The Beneficial Option For The Future !1227 Words   |  5 PagesRenewable energy; the beneficial option for the future! The threat of global warming is influencing people to become â€Å"greener,† turning to renewable energy options which are often referred to as alternative energy. Renewable energy refers to energy that does not come from burning of fossil fuels or pollutant infused methods to provide energy. It is the harnessing of natural resources that are constantly renewable such as sunlight for solar panels and wind for wind turbines, just to name two (LambRead MoreNew And Alternative Sources Of Energy1311 Words   |  6 Pages Today s society uses enormous amounts of energy. *The shadow of our presence on this planet is a result of generations upon generations of production and utilization of energy*. New and alternative sources of energy are being developed to replace the declining accessibility of coal and fossil fuels. Use of renewable energy is a key component in combatting the climate change that has become a major issue in the 21st century. Reducing our impact on the climate as a result of greenhouse gas emissions

Monday, December 16, 2019

Deception, greed, and extreme pressure Free Essays

Misrepresentation, greed, and utmost force per unit area led to the death of Enron ( Beenen and Pinto, 2009 ) . Employees need the ability to withdraw ethical issues from these complications of self-interest and supply clear definition ; employees need to separate between negligible issues typical of work life and critical issues that threaten a company ‘s ethical environment. Ethical issues come with enticements and menaces. We will write a custom essay sample on Deception, greed, and extreme pressure or any similar topic only for you Order Now By understanding menaces to forces involvements, options will originate to implement rectification. Traveling along with the crowd can back immediate calling involvements whereas resiting can set position, calling and household wellbeing at hazard. By accepting ethical theory, this can move as a guideline for a human resource ( HR ) director to place and manage the issues of opportunism. DeGeorge ( 2010 ) defines utilitarianism as an act of moral significance established by its engagement to make the most sum of good for the most figure of people. This is based on the ability to anticipate the effects of an action as the pick that succumbs to the greatest benefit, to the bulk of people, is the pick that is ethically right. Beenen and Pinto ( 2009 ) place that corrupt administrations, such as Enron, act unethically by determinations, that are normally, made by a group of senior employees to profit the administration. Decisions made by Jeff Skilling ( senior director ) to â€Å"cook the accounting books† may hold been, in his sentiment, as an ethically right manner to profit the stockholders and stakeholders, by portraying a strong fiscal image. However, the effects of this action did n’t make the most sum of good for the most sum of people. Alternatively self-interest influenced unethical behavior by agencies of greed and force per unit area from Wall Street to profit, non the administration as a whole but, Jeff Skilling and direction, personally, for fiscal addition. Rational opportunism is good nevertheless greed is finally damaging ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . While the theory of utilitarianism will ever reason to profit the bulk, it can besides pretermit the minority ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Sherron Watkins ‘ ability to do judgement that Enron ‘s accounting criterions were immoral created a regulation utilitarianism attack with respects to the jurisprudence and the concern with equity ; seeking to profit the bulk of people. Therefore, added benefits of regulation utilitarianism values justness and includes beneficence at the same clip. In the eyes of a HR director, by taking action the bulk of the stakeholders would profit from a moral administration adhering to their codification of behavior, carry oning equity in all of their concern activities. However, an issue with this determination, while sherron was commended for making the right thing, showed that her actions to pretermit the corrupt senior direction squad ( minority ) for the stakeholders ( bulk ) for a more ethical workplace started to inflicted harm to the full concern. Cable, News, Network ( CNN ) ( 2002 ) stated that Enron filed for settlement, people lost their occupations, some committed self-destruction and many were idle. Sherron may hold been seeking to make the right ( and hard ) thing but it may non hold been the best manner to acquire in front. Her opportunism was traveling to go a effect for the bulk and she was unable to foretell the hereafter so as to see how her determinations would impact people subsequently on. A HR director needs to tak e into consideration that there is no manner of stating precisely what the costs of our behavior will be, we merely do what we think is right at that specific clip ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . After analyzing DeGeorge ( 2010 ) a useful attack to this instance survey in managing opportunism is excessively impractical. This is because the practical application of the theory requires the ability to foretell the long-run effects of an action and, to foretell those effects with foolproof truth ; past experience can, to some extent, guide hereafter experience. However, there is ne’er any warrant that fortunes will turn out precisely the same ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . This uncertainness can make unexpected consequences doing the useful attack expression unethical, as the clip the pick was made did n’t profit the bulk for the greater good. A HR director needs to place that the defect in utilitarianism theory has no consideration for the minority ; nevertheless, Kantian theory suggests that it does n’t pretermit this issue i.e. leting the minority to endure for the benefit of the bulk. Harmonizing to DeGeorge ( 2010 ) Kant ‘s deontology theory is supported by the actions of an single under consideration. A corporate attack to an action suggests it can find whether an action is moral as it allows one to portray the consequence of everyone universally lending to this action. Immanuel Kant ‘s theory ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) suggests that an person must hold the freedom to truly act in a moral manner. In the instance survey, some employees understand the company is acting unethically i.e. chancy history criterions for personal addition. A HR director could place that these people have a pick to voice their concern, leave the company or travel along with the crowd ; nevertheless opportunism and the ability to be disciplined may present a menace to take any action. These people have physiological demands to back up household and a moral determination to voice their concerns, in this regard, could present an issue. By being immoral or turning a blind oculus, to the state of affairs, could be the easiest option. Employees do hold a pick and the freedom to do a moral determination nevertheless self-interest can sometimes turn a moral thought into an immoral determination ; without the subject there is no freedom ( Wood, 2008 ) . A deeper analysis of Kant ‘s theory suggests that the construct of moralss is non based on desires or fortunes. Moral jurisprudence is a definite necessity because it has no precursor ; there is no ‘but ‘ portion in the bid ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Sherron Watkins provided an illustration of how this theory works. Sherron adhered to Enron ‘s ethical codification of behavior when analyzing the ethical quandary of â€Å"accounting irregularities† that were present. By placing this job to her director, Ken Lay, she fulfilled her duties of duty. Continuing one ‘s responsibility is what ‘s considered ethically right ( Wood, 2008 ) . Sherron had found the morality through principle of her head as she was non influenced by feelings ( penchant ) , but alternatively she was concerned with fixed statements of responsibility ( I must†¦ ) . The theory suggests that an person has no flexibleness and no opportunity to see one ‘s ain place ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Naturally, people seem to admit that certain regulations must hold rational exclusions. For case, with respects to Ken Lay his determination non to fire Sherron Watkins could hold jeopardised Andy Fastow ‘s place and the companies bespeaking persons may necessitate to lie to protect others. So, could a HR director be sensible to presume that the same regulations can be applied systematically in different fortunes? This makes Kantian moralss stiff because the effect of an action is non needfully separated from the action itself ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Unlike utilitarianism this theory is non based on societal public-service corporation. It avoids the useful defect of leting the minority to endure for the benefit of the bulk, based on free pick and similar to that of John Rawls ‘ theory of justness. As described by DeGeorge ( 2010 ) the classless, John Rawls, devised a theoretical theoretical account that proposed an person who, ‘covered in a head covering of ignorance ‘ , would urge a merely society without any apprehension of their position in society. The person would take a system of justness that sufficiently provided for the lower terminal of society because the person could stop up being in that lower place so, avoids it by being merely and just. Enron executives paid above market fillips and wages, they awarded unethical behavior and punished good behavior. In a sense many employees would hold tried to make the right thing i.e. execute what was asked of them in their relevant occupation function. While most of these activities were lending to the overall unethical behavior, an employee would moderately obtain their pay and fillip if they performed in a satisfactory or above expected mode. Self-interest nowadayss an underlying job here. While the wage system of any administration should be just and merely, greed and utmost force per unit area to execute presented self-interest drivers that awarded immoral behavior. Rawls ‘ argued that regimented societies are uncommon due to the fact that what is merely and unfair is normally in difference ( Rawls, 2003 ) Robert Nozick ‘s libertarian theory of moralss is similar to Rawls ‘ in that they both believe utilitarianism is a blemished theory due to the importance on the effects of policies and behavior ( Nozick, 1974 A ; Rawls, 2003 ) . Both indicate that since utilitarianism high spots public-service corporation or contentment, within society, it can non warrant an account of averments such as averments of right which people are free to do upon the actions of others. Consequently, each sets out to develop a political theoretical theoretical account which sufficiently suggests what Nozick depicts every bit, the cardinal Kantian rule that persons are terminals and non simply means ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Nozick ‘s theory suggests that people have the right to possess entitlements such as wage every bit long as it does n’t decline the place of anyone else ( Nozick, 1974 ) . But if these entitlements were obtained unethically, does this decline the place of anyone else? In one manus people are morally seeking to make the right thing but, in the instance of Cassandra, they finally acquire punished ; she moved to another place being seen as a menace. On the other manus people knew their actions were lending to immoral behavior as self-interest ( greed and force per unit area ) clouded their determination to make what is right. So what are our rights in state of affairss such as the above? The theory of rights can give a HR director penetration into how persons are protected in an ethically right manner. Harmonizing to DeGeorge ( 2010 ) rights are proposed by society which is protected and is given the topmost precedency. Since society endorsees rights they are considered to be ethically right and suited. DeGeorge ( 2010 ) indicates that an single must construe what features of rights are in society, as this can present deductions. The implicit in issue in the instance survey is self-interest. Senior direction is responsible to guarantee that the unity of the controls in the environment determines the effectivity of any control system, including wage, leave entitlements and occupation chances. With mention to Enron ‘s codification of moralss ( 2000 ) ‘dignity and common regard ‘ , for all employees, is a right that the company has promised to esteem and uphold. Clearly, this right was non apparent in this administration. Persons such as Sherron Watkins, Cassandra and Jeff McMahon were non given the right to be treated in a respectful mode as they were moved into different place disguised as publicities. The relevant rights in a concern context to freedom of address were noted by direction, as they gave them a opportunity to show themselves nevertheless, this was rapi dly extinguished. Control systems ( regulations ) may interfere with one ‘s ain ego involvement to win or avoid failure ; controls are intended for precisely that intent. Those who would react to concern force per unit areas by hedging controls will invent principles and tactics to warrant such an equivocation for tactics of disinformation and misrepresentation that they may utilize ( Donnelly, 2003 ) . For rights theory to be practical it must be used in combination with another ethical theory, such as ethical relativism, that will systematically sketch the aims of society. Ethical relativism refers to the rule that there are no normally valid or needed moral criterions as any two persons with differences in civilization, who have different ethical positions, sing an action, could at the same time be right ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Beenen and Pinto ( 2009 ) indicated that Jeff McMahon knew that Enron ‘s accounting patterns were unethical while Andy Fastow ‘s belief indicated his manner was ethically right i.e. for the greater good of the company. While both ethical positions are different they are besides both correct. The implicit in similarity here indicates that opportunism for personal addition was the chief driver relative to their different ethical sentiments. DeGeorge ( 2010 ) suggests a clear apprehension of this theory must be carefully dissected when compared with cultural relativism ; as cultural relativism explains the manner people really behave, and ethical relativism recommends how people ought to act. A HR director should admit that differences do n’t connote that there are no normally valid moral criterions. It teaches us that persons may non ever hold on what the principals are or should be. Relativism is a stronger claim as defense that there are normally suited moral criterions. It is a theoretical claim about the being of common moral criterions, whether or non people believe in them ( DeGeorge, 2010 ) . Therefore, it must be verified or unproven by theoretical influences. In drumhead, ethical theories need to be examined and measured against one another to undertake the issue of self-interest. No one theory on its ain is genuinely valid, instead a coaction of all theories should be used in order to give a professional ( HR director ) the necessary tools to make schemes and analyze the likeliness of unethical behavior. Enron ignored its ethical codification of behavior, self-interest ( greed and utmost force per unit area ) influenced direction in an unethical mode. For moralss to be adhered to companies necessitate to travel beyond the impression of simple legal conformity and follow values based on organizational civilization. Ethical logical thinking is non natural it ‘s a accomplishment that must be learned and practiced. How to cite Deception, greed, and extreme pressure, Essay examples

Sunday, December 8, 2019

Effect of Light on Silver Halide Salts free essay sample

Ensure you are wearing safety glasses 2. Take the petri dishes and label then 1, 2, 3, and 4. 3. Add 20 drops of silver nitrate solution to each petri dish. 4. Add 20 drops of sodium chloride to petri dish one and three. Mix with stirring rod and observe the reaction. 5. Add 20 drops of sodium iodine to petri dishes 2 and 4. Mix with stirring rod and observe reaction. 6. Put petri dishes 1 and 3 in the sunlight for 5-10 minutes. 7. Put petri dishes 2 and 4 in a dark place, away from any light. 8. After 5-10 minutes, observe the reaction and record results. Risk Assessment: RISK| PRECAUTION| WHAT CAN BE DONE INCASE| Chemical solutions getting into eyes| Be careful while handling chemical solutions, always wear safety glasses| In case this happens, inform teacher and wash eyes thoroughly wash eyes with clean cold water| Staining hands with solution| Wear safety gloves and handle with care| Inform teacher; wash affected area under cold water. | Sniffing the gas produced after reaction| Do not open petri dish once the solutions are mixed. We will write a custom essay sample on Effect of Light on Silver Halide Salts or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Toxic gasses may be present| Inform teacher, immediately seek medical attention| Results: The Sodium Chloride NaCl was decomposing faster than Sodium Iodine NaI in the sunlight. Whereas the petri dishes placed in the dark location as a control showed no signs of decomposition or change in colour. Solution| Reaction in presence of sun light| NaCl + AgNO3 | Yes| NaBr + AgNO3| Yes| Solution| Reaction in absence of sun light| NaCl + AgNO3| No| NaBr+ AgNO3| No| Discussion: 1. Sunlight has less Ultra Violet radiation compared to a special Ultra Violet lamp. 2. By having the control dishes, we can compare the effects of the UV radiation on the salts. By not having the dark controls, we can’t make a comparison 3. NaCl+AgNO3 AgCl (s) + NaNO3 NaBr + AgNO3 AgCl (s) + NaNO3 NaI + AgNO3 AgI (s) +NaNO3 4. a. Br Br + e— b. Ag+ + e Ag Conclusion: The silver nitrate with sodium iodide turned clear in the presence of sunlight. While the solver nitrate with the sodium chloride produced a green colour. The reaction with sodium iodide was more obvious and faster compared to the reaction with the sodium chloride.

Saturday, November 30, 2019

The Importance of Training and Development in Contemporary Organizations

Introduction Business enterprises and organizations at large rely on human resource in their operations. To a large extent, the success of a given organization is determined by the skills and commitment of the human resource. Hatcher (17) points out that the effectiveness of human resource is dependent on a number of factors. One of them is the level of skills possessed by employees in a company. The ever changing business environment in contemporary society requires a workforce to have skills equal to the tasks assigned to them.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Training and Development in Contemporary Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The level of skills determines the competitiveness of the organization in the local and global market. For this reason, Hatcher (23) is of the view that it is important to put in place training and development programs with regards to the labor force in a give organization. The opinions of such scholars help to affirm the hypothesis that human resource development is vital for the success of a given business organization in contemporary society. The current paper is written against the aforementioned hypothesis. Consequently, the author seeks to outline the various benefits of training and development in a contemporary business organization. According to Wilson (74), one can view the benefits or importance of training and development from two perspectives. For example, there are those benefits that accrue to the employee of the organization. The other category includes those benefits that are associated with the employer. Both of these benefits are discussed in detail in this paper. To achieve the objective of this paper, the author relies on various books on human resource and a number of peer reviewed articles published in journals in the field of human resource. Introduction to Training and Development in a Business Organizatio n Salvi (para. 1) looks at training from an academic angle. Salvi suggests that training is an avenue through which personnel learn new skills that build on their existing knowledge. Training and development has a number of objectives. The main objective is to improve the efficiency of employees at their place of work. To this end, the process of training seeks to enhance the skills of an individual. Through this process of skill improvement, the much desired efficiency at the work place is realized. On its part, development is considered as an avenue through which an organization employs some form of capacity building to enhance its performance in the market (Salvi para. 2). There are a number of elements underlying this aspect of development in a company. Some of the elements include the prevailing business environment and the current state of a company. From these perspectives, the aspect of development (with regards to both the organization and the employee) is made evident. Sal vi (para. 3) is of the opinion that training and development go hand in hand, especially when it comes to human resource management. Salvi believes that training is an avenue through which skills can be developed.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The Importance of Training and Development Overview Lipman (para. 1) is of the opinion that many companies are not providing enough training and development to their staff. The trend has increased in recent years. Lipman (para. 2) makes reference to a study published in the Harvard Business to argue out this point. In this study, a large number of participants cited development dissatisfaction as the reason behind their exit from companies. From the study cited by Lipman, it is evident that members of staff prefer to work in an environment where their skills can be continuously developed. From the discourse above, it is apparent that training and development remains a key element in the overall management of a company. In this section, some of the benefits of training and development are discussed to determine the veracity of the hypothesis developed for this study. Lipman (para. 4) and Rothwell (127) illustrate some of these benefits. The sentiments of these two scholars (Lipman and Rothwell) are driven by the need to improve human resource management in today’s business organization. Identifying and Addressing Weaknesses among Employees According to Rothwell (73), all the employees working in a given organization have a number of shortcomings. The inefficiencies characterizing many business organizations arise from the individual shortcomings of the employees. Consequently, Rothwell (73) argues that it is only through training and development that these weaknesses are identified and dealt with. Managers in companies with an established program of training employees can easily identify employees with we aknesses that affect their performance. As a result of this, the levels of skills among employees in a given business entity are greatly enhanced. Companies that do not address the shortcomings of their employees tend to rely more on the skills of a few individual members of staff (Wilson 111). A training program creates uniformity with regards to skill distribution in a particular company. The increased pool of skilled employees in a company reduces the need to rely on particular members of staff to perform certain tasks. In this regard, training and development ensures that a company has a reliable workforce. Improved Performance among Employees and Training and Development Kesler (11) examines the factors that improve the performance of a company’s workforce. Kesler points out access to information as a key determinant of performance among employees. In light of this, training and development ensures that individual employees have access to updated information regarding a number of procedures in their practice. For examples, a hospital may organize a conference for a team of specialists in the workforce to help them learn about new developments in their field. Workers who are well informed are able to perform their tasks better and more efficiently compared to those who are not adequately informed. The training, as a result, improves the employees overall performance.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Importance of Training and Development in Contemporary Organization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More To some extent, performance is tied to individual employee’s level of confidence. Rothwell (67) is of the opinion that individuals with a low self-esteem perform poorly in their work. A training and development program helps to identify such employees to boost their levels of confidence. When their confidence levels are dealt with, the employees are capable of improving thei r performance. Consequently, the overall efficiency of a company is improved. Employee Satisfaction and Training and Development A training and development program helps to increase employee satisfaction in the organization. According to Lipman (para. 2), there is an emerging trend in American companies where members of staff opt to leave companies that lack a training and development mechanism. According to Hamel (116), individuals are highly satisfied when their levels of skills are improved. Members of staff enhance the achievement of an organization’s core objectives when they feel a sense of belonging in the company. The sense of belonging can be achieved through a training and development program in the company (Hamel 116). Increased Productivity and Training and Development As aforementioned, training and development helps to increase employees’ skills and knowledge (Hatcher 23). The implication is that a workforce with improved skills and access to updated info rmation is more efficient than a workforce that lacks the two. In addition, increased levels of skills help to reduce the time taken to perform a given task. As such, the productivity levels in a given company are significantly improved. Quality Improvement and Training and Development According to Ulrich and Reeds (294), training and development introduces the workforce to updated methods of service delivery. It follows that the overall quality of service delivery in a company is tied to the availability of information on best practices. To this end, a company’s training and development program ensures that the quality of goods and services produced remains high. Reducing Operational Costs and Training and Development Many companies are keen on ensuring that their operational costs are minimized (Lipman para. 7). Consequently, it is important to ensure that the resources available to the company are optimally utilized. A training and development program helps employees to ac quire skills that are useful in reducing wastage in the company. Conclusion From the arguments made in this paper, it is evidently clear that training and development is a key pillar in business and human resource management. Based on the findings made, the author of this paper concludes that all organizations should have a training and development program for the employees to enhance the overall performance of the company.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Works Cited Hamel, George. Leading the Revolution, Boston: Harvard Business School Press, 2000. Print. Hatcher, Tim. Ethics and HRD: A New Approach Leading to Responsible Organizations, Kentucky: Basic Books, 2002. Print. Kesler, Gregory. â€Å"Why the Leadership Bench Never Gets Deeper: Ten Insights about Executive Talent Development.† HR Planning Society Journal 25.1 (2002): 1-28. Print. Lipman, Victor 2013. Why Employee Training is Important, Neglected can Cost You Talent. Web. Rothwell, Williams. Effective Succession Planning, New York: AMACOM, 2001. Print. Salvi, Siddheshwar. n.d. What is Training and Development?. n.d. Web. Ulrich, David and Beatty Reeds. â€Å"From Partners to Players: Extending the HR Playing Field.† Human Resource Management 40.4 (2001): 293-308. Print. Wilson, John. Human Resource Development: Learning and Training for Individuals and organization, London: Kogan Page Publishers, 2005. Print. This essay on The Importance of Training and Development in Contemporary Organization was written and submitted by user Myah Walker to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Tuesday, November 26, 2019

Paul Revere1 essays

Paul Revere1 essays Paul Revere was a man of many talents, a Jack Of All Trades if you will. Patriot, silversmith, engraver, and republican, he was destined to be a hero. Born to parents Apollos De Rivoire, a French Huguenot, and Deborah Hitchbourn, Paul Revere came into the world on January 1, 1735 in Boston Massachusetts. Clarks Wharf is where the Reveres resided now. The third born of eight children Revere learned early the lesson of perseverance, a lesson that would be an important in his later life, Revere would need to keep on going no mater what obstacles appeared in his way. Revere attended school in Boston where he got a sufficient education as well as in the shop with his father and the wharves of where he lived. As Revere grows in age he upholds many different jobs, including being a bell ringer for Christs Church, an Episcopal parish. Around the time of Reveres newly found job the first indications of the Revolutionary War were be gossiped about around the town. On the Sunday morning in which he was to toll the bell of Christs church a young boy heard the first gun of the revolution. Revere didnt know this yet but his honorable duty lay within that revolution. On the twenty-second day of July, 1754 Reveres father died in his sleep. He was buried in the Old Granary. Paul was very distraught over losing his father. They were close, more like friends than father and son. After his fathers death Paul became the man of the house. He had to take on more responsibilities and work harder to support his large family. After a while the stress was weighing him down and it was probably some sort relief when he went to fight the French. In 1756 he returned. On August 4, 1757 Paul Revere married Sara Orne, or a Revere referred to her Sary. After some years of marriage Revere thinks its time for something new so he joins the masons, where he meets James Otis and Joseph Warren both...

Friday, November 22, 2019

What to Include in a Student Portfolio

What to Include in a Student Portfolio Student portfolios are educational tools teachers use to create alternative assessments in the classroom. Including the right items in student portfolios are important, but before you decide on the items, review the basic steps for getting started, creating student portfolios  as well as their  purpose. The Missouri Department of Elementary Secondary Education notes that portfolios should show student growth and change over time, develop student thinking skills, identify strengths and weaknesses and track the development of one or more products of performance, such as samples of student work, tests or papers. No-Fuss Portfolios To achieve these goals, allow students to be involved in creating the portfolios. This will help minimize your paper-gathering time and help students take ownership.  Jon Mueller, a psychology professor at North Central College in Illinois, says that portfolios can be easy to manage and offers some tips for items to include in what he calls no-fuss portfolios: Have students select a piece or two of their work over the course of a quarter, semester or year; at the time of each selection, have the student write a brief reflection on the item, as well as why she included it; and, at the end of the quarter, semester or school year, ask students to reflect again on each item. Sample Items The kinds of items you have students include in their portfolios will vary by age and abilities. But, this brief list may give you ideas to get started. A letter to the reader discussing portfolio itemsA reading logQuotations the student especially likesGraphic illustrations of information, such as charts, concept diagrams, timelines and photographsVideo recordings of readings or performances. You can film students reading or performing using a smartphone and then download the filmed version onto a computer.A sample paragraph showing mastery of specific writing techniquesSample essays of various types descriptive, narrative, explanatory, expository, persuasive, cause and effect, ​compare and contrast  or defining terms.Writing that students created in their other classes, such as reports, speech outlines, essays or projects.Research-related writing, including a description of procedures, instruments such as surveys, results, and productsAn explanation of literary terms using examples from what students are readingCreative writing, including stories, poems, songs and scripts Reflection Phase The Missouri Department of Elementary Secondary Education says that to make portfolios really useful, remember that their purpose is to serve as authentic assessments evaluations of real student work over a given time period. Unlike other forms of assessment, such as a timed test, students should be given time to reflect on their work, says the department. And, dont assume students simply will know how to reflect. As with other academic areas, you may need to teach students this skill and spend time helping them learn how to (reflect) through instruction, modeling, lots of practice and  feedback. When the portfolios are complete, take time to meet with students individually or in small groups to discuss all of this learning material they have created, collected and reflected on. These meetings will help students gain insights from their body of work and give you a clear look at their thinking process.

Thursday, November 21, 2019

Read the passage and answer the four questions provided Essay

Read the passage and answer the four questions provided - Essay Example ut as by that law of out nature, which makes food necessary to the life of man, population can never actually increase beyond the lowest nourishment capable of supporting it†(Malthus, 431). Basically, this means that nature has made it so that humans must have food and water to survive, and this is how nature keeps the population in check because without enough nourishment humans will die, which keeps the population down. When the human population is at the appropriate equilibrium, there is enough food and resources to go around, which makes for a happy society. Thomas Malthus makes the assumption that the more food and resources that are available, the quicker the human population and demographics will grow. Without enough food to go around, the population is not likely to increase as the birth rates will decrease and death rates will increase, which creates a more stable population. Malthus believes that the period between the doubling of the population will be much lengthier if food becomes much more difficult to acquire(Malthus, 431). Overall, these assumption do appear to be valid in that it is common sense that without sustenance, any population is less likely to succeed and thrive. To a certain extent, the argument developed by Malthus appears to have some roots in the idea of natural selection. The overall idea with natural selection is that the strong will survive, and the weak will perish. With this type of argument in mind, it is fair to say that public relief for the poor is essentially going against natural selection. By providing food and charity to the poor, this weak population is being kept alive instead of dying off like nature intended it. Therefore, in the view of Thomas Malthus, public relief should be discontinued or halted altogether because keeping poor people alive continues the process of draining nature’s sustenance for the strong. In this way, charity is very harmful to the Earth and the human population as a whole because the

Tuesday, November 19, 2019

The Contributions of Government to the Media Environment in Canada Essay

The Contributions of Government to the Media Environment in Canada - Essay Example In this manner, the news media decide not only how events are presented, but also how these events become applicable to the community. Currently, the media business is in a state of turmoil. The Internet, for example, is revolutionizing the way distributed network communication works and has been, at times, disruptive to news media’s traditional content. Stakeholders involved in shaping the media environment are ground level journalists who capture and narrate local and international stories, media owners who work on production and the financial aspects of news-making. In the public sector is the government who is responsible for using media to build peaceful social communities. This section discusses the roles that these stakeholders play in Canada’s media environment. In Canada, the federal and provincial governments have turned to mass media to assist develop and convey a sense of harmony and identity to join together a large and disparate nation. As the society has become more complex, media have played a larger role in carrying political information, opinions, and values to the population. The importance of media to policymaking has grown over the last century. For instance, over the years, the Canadian government has enacted measures to support fragmented cultural industries. The public broadcaster, the CBC, was founded in 1936 to deliver a national broadcasting service and has been the key broadcaster of budget and program development. However, public broadcasting, which traditionally has played a pivotal role in Canadian media, has been weakened to the point where regional concerns are virtually disregarded and its national future is in question.

Saturday, November 16, 2019

Police Abuse Essay Example for Free

Police Abuse Essay An officer who uses more force than policy allows is said to have used excessive force and may be guilty of police brutality, the excessive and lawless use of police force. Police officers are often seen as a thin blue line of protection between criminals and law-abiding citizens, but when they use excessive force, they cross the line and become criminals. Police brutality damages the image of law enforcement as well as the justice system. It leads to loss of trust in the policemen, which then creates a gap between them and people in the community. According to the early policing principles imported from 19th century England, it is the lack of centralized control which forms a corruption in America when opportunities of bribery were widespread. Police reforms from the 1930s to the 1950s sought to establish professionalism among police forces by introducing military-like command and higher performance standards. Not everyone agrees with this type of procedure when critics see the March 1991 beating of Rodney King by officers of Los Angeles Police Department which used professional policing. From Rodney King beating in 1991 through the O.J. Simpson trial, the rift has widened the threatening racial discrimination. The reasons for the gap are complex and deep. According to the experts, it is based on the nations painful racial history. The current practice of racial profiling, where skin color is a criterion to pull over a driver is ongoing today. For instance, when Reggie Miller, who is Black, had been ordered to pull over by a Nashville police officer for driving with expired tags, had suffered chronic back problems as a result of the beating. It was about 8:40 p.m. when he was shot on his chest and ordered him to lie face down on the ground. Within couple of minutes the officer, who didnt have a chance to identify himself, called for backup. Suddenly Miller found himself as a cushion using his body from five police officers that had surrounded him. Miller also recalls that the officers gouge his eyes and choke him. This 1992 incident of Miller made him suffer a permanent back problem due to the beating and the shot he encountered. Police officers have no right by any  means to harass a person. Otherwise, they are more considered as criminal because of such inhumane acts. In general, brutality is a form of punishment. Police officers are not supposed to punish but are expected to protect and serve. However, they seemed to expose brutality as punishment when they beat up Adolph Archie in March of 1992. Archie was shot by a police officer and the police officer did not even bother to rush him to the hospital. Instead, they waited in the parking lot until they found out that their injured colleague had died. Then the officers took Archie in the hospital while beating him dead. Unfortunately, Archie only breathe for 12 hours and was diagnosed with two skull fractures, a broken larynx, fractures of the cheekbones, bleeding testicles, teeth had been kicked in, and his entire body was exposed to blunt trauma. Brutality is an inhuman or savage form of cruelty. Police officers need not use too much force to stop a sus pect. Police brutality is an important topic to discuss because it deals with the life of a person, the misconduct of some police officers, the burden it caused and the lesson that everyone should get from it. Police officers must realize they were not given their badge to show that they are ones to be afraid of but to keep the peace and order of the community. They have the right to discipline a suspect which will depend on the physical condition of the latter. Police need not use the force if the suspect is already injured because it may only lead to a more tragic situation. In several cases, people died after being restrained by police officers. Police brutality does not cause anything positive. It only leads to racism, disrespect among people, loss of respect and confidence for the police and it makes citizens feel less safe. Not a single act did brutality explicit an advantage to the people. The possible solution to police brutality is to include in their training new techniques in handling suspects and criminals geared towards the demand for public policies that promote social and racial justice. Furthermore, police officers should receive antiracism and diversity training as a part of their education in police academies. Police officers must learn to conduct themselves in multiethnic and multicultural communities. To fund this  solution, everyone must cooperate by respecting the police officers in our community and the law of United States of America. Without the cooperation of everyone, the prevailing widespread of police brutality will continue to grow. The people should give a serious thought of what they are doing in order to avoid violence. Lets just think about the victims of violence and how thousands of people die every year because of brutality. Lets not make one of our families and our next generations become a victim of these humiliating, devastating and inhumane acts of the police. We, as a nation, need concerted effort in protest for all the victims whose lives have been stolen and sacrifice. The goal must be nothing short of creating a just, humane, peaceful and less violent society. If there is no justice, there will be no peace in the United States. The widespread of police brutality has widened all over the world. The nation must join together to eliminate repression, unjust and abusive treatment by the police in order to have a more peaceful and harmonious nation. To terminate police brutality means calling for justice for our brothers and sisters whose lives have been stolen. In addition, this will give time for the government to open their eyes for the families of those who are unjustly locked down behind prison walls. It will allow balance of justice between the government officials and the people regardless of racial status. Our world would be a better place to live in because it lessens violence, death rate, and increases the confidence and harmony between the police and the community. Moreover, the absence of such brutality will terminate arrest and harassment based on racial origin. Bibliography: Activists Protest Against Police Brutality in LA, MAS magazine, (August 16, 2000), 2 pages. Call for a National Day of Protest to Stop Police Brutality, Repression, and the Criminalization of a Generation, http://www.mojo.calyx.net/~refuse/ndp/071400oct22.html, October 22, 2000. DNC Activists Protest Cop Brutality, MAS magazine, (August 16, 2000), 2 pages. NYPDs Bloody Month of August 1999, http://www.mojo.calyx.net/~refuse/ndp/090699ndpnyc.html, September 6, 1999. Anderson, Kelly, Police Brutality, San Diego California, Kelly Anderson, 1995. Bender, David, Policing the Police, San Diego California, David Bender, 1995. Charles, Nick, Criminally Suspect, SIRS, (September 1995), 4 pages. Conroy, John, Unspeakable Act, Ordinary People, New York, Alfred A. Knopf, 2000. Fitzgerald, Terence, Police in Society, New York, Terence Fitzgerald, 2000. Meeks, Kenneth, Driving While Black, New York, Kenneth Meek, 2000. Nelson, Jill, Police Brutality, New York, Jill Nelson, 2000. Roleff, Tamara, Police Brutality, San Diego California, David Bender, 1999. Steinhorn, Leonard, By the Color of our Skin, New York, Leonard Steinhorn, 1999.

Thursday, November 14, 2019

The Crucible :: English Literature

The Crucible Explore how Miller dramatises the conflicts within John Proctor and presents him as a good man, despite his failings. How does Miller make him dramatically effective for an audience? Refer to Act two and Act four. Miller's purpose through writing 'The Crucible' was to express his own views on what was happening in America at the time in 1953 - McCarthyism, a period of intense anticommunism. Miller uses the character of John Proctor to put across his views. He is interested in the character who does not allow himself to be caught up in hysteria, but thinks for himself and stands up for his values. Miller wants to teach us, his audience, about social awareness with deep insights into personal weaknesses through his characters. Miller also wants to teach us the important moral lessons about human nature of the notion of goodness. Miller's play deals with difficult and controversial issues making the audience think about the pleasant and unpleasant experiences of humans and relating them to today's modern world. When writing 'The Crucible' Miller was influenced partly by witchcraft. For many hundreds of years there was a belief in witchcraft throughout Europe. This belief in witchcraft persisted among the English colonists in America. In 1692 there was an outbreak of accusations of witchcraft in Salem, Massachusetts, which lead to twenty innocent people executed. In the play John Proctor was one of the twenty innocent people executed. Of those women accused many were old women with knowledge of herbal medicine or other folk remedies, an example of a character with this description would be Rebecca Nurse, who was hanged with John Proctor in the dramatic last scene. The English colonists were Puritans and they felt surrounded by ungodly people and associated the forest with savages and evil. Miller uses this belief in the play at the beginning, when Betty, Abigail and ten or twelve other girls were seen dancing in the forest; this event was greatly frowned upon in the village and led to many accusations. Miller also links his characters to the Salem witchcrafts as during the witchcrafts one man was pressed to death by stones; this links to the character Giles Corey. This trumped-up witch hysteria in Salem, Massachusetts deteriorated the rational and emotional stability of its citizens. This exploited the population's weakest qualities, and insecurities. The obvious breakdown in Salem's social order led to this tragedy. McCarthyism also influenced Miller when writing 'The Crucible'. In the early 1950s Joseph McCarthy, a senator, exploited his fear of communism and managed to create a national campaign against Communists, ex-Communists and anyone associated with them. The play was produced when McCarthy's anti-Communist campaign was at its height

Monday, November 11, 2019

“Of Mice and Men”: George’s actions at the end of the novel Essay

Discuss George’s actions at the end of the novel. How can we justify what he does to Lennie? How can we condemn it? Although murder is morally incorrect, mercy killing can be justified as it may prevent a later inevitable and painful death. In the novella ‘Of Mice and Men’ written by John Steinbeck, the character George shoots his friend, Lennie. Whilst George’s actions can be condemned, George had good intentions towards the death of his friend. Steinbeck makes it clear throughout the novella that although horrid incidents may occur such as Lennie’s death that it was how it was during the Great Depression. However one may like to condemn George’s actions in shooting his only friend, George had forgivable intentions as to why he chose to shoot Lennie. George’s murdering of his friend was without malicious intent. It is clear from the start in the novella that George cares for Lennie, as he protects and looks out for him. Killing Lennie was not an easy choice.. He also prevented a further painful and torturous death for Lennie, as Curley plans to ‘shoot that big bastard’s guts right outta him.’ This implies that Curley intends no mercy and an excruciating death awaits Lennie. By shooting his friend, George gives Lennie a peaceful death. During the scene where the two men are in the bush, George once again recites their dream which reminds the audience and Lennie of their friendship. He tells George, ‘I got you an’ you got me.’ This conveys in the idea that George truly cared for Lennie and has no vicious intent when he is to shoot Lennie. By shooting Lennie, George gave him a merciful and peaceful death with no intended malicion. The murder of Lennie is justified as Steinbeck shows the audience through the novella, realistic themes that were evident in the 1930s. Steinbeck’s writing style has been described as a naturalist or realist type. It is clear from the start, that in ‘Of Mice and Men’ there is a predatory nature in human existence. Candy says to George, â€Å"I shouldn’t have let no stranger shoot my dog.† Having said that, it foreshadows Lennie’s death and what George must do. It also conveys in the idea that Lennie will face a similar fate to Candy’s old dog who is weak and handicapped. Society does not tolerate the weak as there were limited resources during the Great  Depression. As seen in the scene where Slim drowns the smallest pups, it is clear that Steinbeck is trying to send across the message that only the strongest lived during the Great Depression. John Steinbeck gave the reader a realistic view on what would have happened during a difficu lt time and Lennie’s death is similar to what would have occurred during the 1930s. The final reason that justifies Lennie’s death, is when one ponders the reality of the men attaining the ranch. As evident in the novella, Lennie has no problem killing small animals and even people. If the reader is to imagine Lennie on a ranch with a large group of animals, especially rabbits; no matter how many times Candy calculated the numbers, there would be no possible way for the men to make a profit off the rabbits given the amount Lennie would kill due to his brute strength. By forgetting the reality of the situation, the men forget that the ranch was not even a reachable goal in the first place. As indicated by George, â€Å"I think I knowed from the very first. I think I knowed we’d never do her.† This supports the idea that there was really no chance of the men actually getting the ranch. By killing Lennie, George puts an end to the unrealistic dream in which Lennie would have created problems in making the dream farm profitable. George’s actions are justified through realism that the ending scene portrays. When George shoots Lennie, he ensures he dies a peaceful death. If George did not kill Lennie, Lennie would have faced a possible torturous death. His actions are also justified as George meant no malicious intent and only wants the best for his friend. Lennie would have made life difficult even on their own land. Steinbeck shows the realism that people in the Great Depression would have faced in situations similar to Lennie and George’s; he shows us a piece of history and the tragedies attached. Although one may condemn George’s shooting of Lennie, mercy killing was the best choice for both of the men. Loved the point about the Depression times. (Paragraph 3) and also the â€Å"unrealistic † dream point in the next paragraph You could also discuss the fact that George also â€Å"loses† something by killing  Lennie. He really believed their relationship was special. ( George tells Slim this). Killing Lennie wasn’t just the easy way out for George. Once again, an original approach. I am sure your exam essay will reflect your mature approach and your hard work.

Saturday, November 9, 2019

Social Networking And Its Effects On Young Generation Essay

Social Networking Sites is a web-based service, with a large online community. Websites like Face book, MySpace or Twitter provide social networking services like bring people together all over the world by allowing them to get to know each other. This interaction is likely to include families, friendship and romantic and group relation. With the help of networking, it can help people make friends and to search to find some personal relationship and families can stay in touch more easily. Nowadays, huge number of people connects to networking sites and it also increases the number of relationship. The websites combine many internet features into one: personal profile, blogs, places for photos and videos, the latest news about music groups, user groups, and more. People use social networking sites to developing business contacts and maintaining contact with them. Websites like LinkedIn can be convenient place for professionals to meet and talk about business. Developing business conta cts on the internet is most of the time easier and faster than offline. Aims The aim of the study is explain the Importance of participating in internet groups and interactive with others and one-on-one from the individual self concept and social relationship. This research also tell how the knowledge is to be explored and social action is to be taken which shall be carried out in the field so this research aims at understanding transformation reconstructing and striving for an understanding of the whole. So approach which suites my question is qualitative research and the primary aim of this investigation is to study the people interaction on internet as we all know the now days people have been curious about how the powerful new information and communication media known as internet interaction is going on in the society. Objectives Promote your business using social networking sites. Effects of social networking websites on the young generation. Safety sites of young generation. Advantages and Disadvantages of Social networking sites. Literature review Internet is first and foremost communication technology with the potential to  change people social interaction. Internet adoption in homes has grown rapidly since the early 1990’s. For Example by 2003 63% of American had used the internet. In 1990s, Information technology experts expected the internet to be consigned to the trash heap of history. Internet has become an essential part of our lives; many websites have facility ways for people to keep in touch in the form of social networking. Social networking sites are the way for interact with new people and to make connections as well as share photos, videos, and activities with each other (Red Sox Nation†, Northern California†).. In the past 5 years, such sites have rocketed and millions of people use networking sites. According to Amanda Lenhart and Mary Madden indicates that 55% of online teenagers have created a personal profile online, and 55% have used networking sites like MySpace and Face book. A social networking site includes both the exchange of information among individuals and group online. Expression also represents a view perspective, reflection, or quality of the individual or groups. Social networking is more focussed on individual relations and goals than is city and community involvement and networking with specific others whom one either knows initially or eventually comes to know. This interaction is likely to include families, friendship and romantic and group relationship. Video-sharing site is an also place where humans can make connection with one another. YouTube also allows a user to add another user as his or her friend. Expressions refer to the material that is created by individual or groups to reflect their views, interests or talents. Mainly internet based on social networking sites to build the personal and relationship and give the meaning to people’s lives. This sites help to people allow creating social relationship and it also used to fin d new friends in new locate. There are many ways the internet can be used for social relationship as follows are: – Online chatting Online dating Finding life partners Online friendship Many more Online chatting By using online chatting on internet many friends and relatives have come  closer and to know very well to each other. Calling is very expensive and people can’t afford to call. With the help of networking sites, people can connect to their relatives and get to talk each other very easily and they can see each other and chat through internet. Online dating Social networking websites are a great way of meeting people new people all over the world. Now days, people are meeting and dating on the internet. People can chat to somebody anytime, anyplace and anywhere. They are having huge relationship with others, so they will ask they will not go out with them because they are dating to someone. Finding Life partners Social sites focus on many different aspects of life, which makes it easier to find and make connections with other people who share common goals and interests, including love. By using traditional forms of marriage creation mainly of arranged marriages, internet has slowly being modified to the arrange marriage because it can serve the strength of tradition especially when modern condition of technologies seen to in decide tradition. Friendship Circle By using these sites instant messaging it allows cheap chatting between people and among group of friend or family. It also offers a good way of communicating with friends nearby or far away, without worrying about time or cost. This activity leads to vast expression of contact and interactivity many people enjoy ready for outcomes relationship. I just like keeping up to chat with somebody and it makes me feel very great to know somebody and to make new connection. So in this research the evidence strongly suggest that the internet has already been used to powerful enhance the social relationship. The importance is social and is creating both individual level and collective level social capital. Networking sites also used for developing business contacts and to make connections with them. Websites like LINKEDIN can be suitable place for professionals to meet and talk about business. Developing business on the internet is the most of the time easier and faster than offline. Social networking sites are also promoting a business to a wider audience and global marketing .Nowadays, the majority of business at least one kind of online presence. All the above reason   that the easy and rewarding interaction with other people, as well as the personal or professional gain that people obtain from joining social networking sites. These sites succeed at making everyone part of global society. In our research, social networking sites can effects on the young generations. As a result, social networking websites have extensive attraction for youngsters with the number of users growing daily. In 2007, Pew Internet and American life Project report that 55% of online teens have a personal profile (facebook, twitter, orkut) on this kind of website. Today, youngsters attract these site s just because of this websites combine many features into one like personal profile, blogs, videos and photos sharing, and many more. Along with these benefits come some risks. As conclude that there are number of cases for harassment or sexual advances. Most of these sites are open to all, especially MySpace or face book which means that teenagers could be exposed our personal information and our identity to someone. Cyber-bulling and harassment are more often commit by other youngsters and mostly tend to happen most to older girls and either gender who have a strong online presence. There so many several forms like posting threatening messages, publishing private messages, e-mails or text messages, posting embarrassment photos and many more. Another risk is identifying theft, which means somebody can enter your personal profile they can know about everything like, your name, birthdates and your location. So today, it’s very rare for harassment to all over the world but it can still be a cause of emotional distress for youngsters. As a result, most social networking sites have privacy controls in place, but youngsters hardly ever use them. If you can do active monitoring of profiles and behaviours catches some hackers, but no t all of them. Here some tips of safety sites for young generation as well as child also when they created our profile it make sure they understand not to post personal information like home address, birthdates, email address, mobile number etc because this information is private to them and not for sharing. And also explain that what gets put on the internet can live forever its means if you remove your picture later it may have been copied by someone else and misuse of your picture also. The main safety tips are that you should use for password for your profile and make sure their password cannot be easily guessed. Survey results show that percentage for adults with profile on social networking sites September   data. In this graph shows that adults in all age group favour for face book by a wide margin, with older adults preferring it slightly more. In 73% of all adults 18 and older have use face book as well as adults 30 and older has 75% and young adults 18-29 has 71% who use social networking sites have a face book account. In contrast, 48% of all adult social network users have a MySpace account. Young generation is much more using MySpace with 66% but only 36% of the 30 and older bracket. In other rates for professional networking sites LinkedIn are the reverse of MySpace. 14% of all adults 18 social networking sites users have LinkedIn account, which breaks down to 7% of adult 18-29 and 19% of adults 30 and older. In conclude that the highest percentage of internet users have use face book in social networking sites the second sites used is MySpace and other LinkedIn sites. Advantages of social networking sites The most common advantages of social networking sites, it is the good way for communicate with new people and to make connections as well as share photos, videos ,blogs, services and activities with each other. It’s also build the personal relationship and give the meaning to people’s lives. Social networking sites are also promoting a business to a wider audience and global marketing. By joining different communities, now people can easily know about the latest news related to that community. And the best parts of this that advice is free u don’t need to pay any euro. Experts and your friends always ready to give you advice and share information with you. Here some most common positive things that has to make social networking really popular among people and spread smiles. Disadvantages of social networking sites There are some major disadvantages of networking sites that Security is the topmost matter of social networking sites which we used more. There are some people who always search for fake identity, which means somebody can enter your personal profile they can know about everything like, your name, birth date, email address and your location. So today, it’s very rare for harassment to all over the world. It is always advisable to don’t provide your entire identity information online otherwise it makes our life spoil. Methods of Research: Philosophy of research There are many different types of research philosophies used by researchers like positivism, realism, interpretive, objectivism, subjectivism, pragmatism, functionalist, interpretive, radical humanist and radical structuralism. There are two types of realism direct and critical and the meaning of direct is â€Å"what you see is what you get†. Critical realism is the real world images of things and theory suggests data which specify technique at back observables. It means before data collection selection the selection of theory is must and then collection of data according to requirement (Saunders et al, 2007). Types of Research There are two main type of research approaches qualitative and quantitative research. Quantitative research, by definition deals with quantity and relationships between attributes; it involves the collection and analysis of highly structured data in the positivist tradition (Bowling 1997) .This method of research is appropriate in situations in which there is pre-existing knowledge which will permit the use of standardized data collection methods like survey, questionnaires.(Bowling 1997). Qualitative is an empirical research in which data is in text form rather than in number form. Qualitative method as opposed to quantitative used to collect and analyze the information in as many shapes, mostly non numeric. Main focus of this technique is to explore as feasible in detail, idea is to attain deepness instead of breadth (Blaxter ET at, 2007). I will use qualitative method of research here. The strength of this approach is the capability to study people in the field. Qualitative research describes words rather than numbers, the equality of social phenomena through observation. I am using in depth interviews and questionnaire and discussion group at the same time for collecting my research data. . Methodology The methodology shall be illustrative qualitative using a case study methodology. This method offers an opportunity to study a particular subject and this can be used to express theories. Case study is a strategy for doing research method which involves an empirical investigation of a specific  occurrence within its real life context using multiple source of indication.

Thursday, November 7, 2019

Use of Spanish Subjunctive With Impersonal Es Phrases

Use of Spanish Subjunctive With Impersonal Es Phrases Learning when to use the subjunctive mood in Spanish can be a challenge, so to help you get started, this lesson looks at a particular type of simple sentence, one that starts with Es adjective or noun que. The English equivalent is It is adjective or noun that, and the usage is common in both languages. These sentences provide a good introduction to the subjunctive for Spanish students because the verb mood depends on how the verb is used rather than requiring memorization of particular phrases. The general rule about the use of mood in Spanish requires that Es _____ que would be followed by a verb in the indicative mood if the initial phrase expresses certainty- but in the subjunctive, if it expresses doubt, uncertainty, desire, probability, or an emotional reaction. The phrase can be thought of as a trigger; some phrases trigger one mood, some phrases another. The following list is far from complete, but learning them should help give you a feel for which mood will be triggered by other phrases. In the examples below, the verbs triggered by the it is statement are in boldface. Note that the that in the English translations before the verb is optional, but the Spanish que is mandatory. Es ... Que Phrases Triggering the Subjunctive Examples of the subjunctive being used to express lack of certainty: Es probable que (It is likely that): Es probable que las temperaturas mà ­nimas se acerquen a los 20 grados bajo cero. (It is likely that the low temperatures will approach the minus 20s.)Es posible que (It is possible that): Es posible que un religioso sea deshonesto. (It is possible that a religious person be dishonest.)Es imposible que (Its impossible that): Es imposible que el mundo termine el 2021. (Its impossible that the world will end in 2021.)No es cierto que (It isnt certain that): No es cierto que la medicina inyectable cause cncer. (It is not certain that the injectable medicine causes cancer.)No es seguro que (It is not certain that): No es seguro que el cliente tenga capacidad para devolver el prà ©stamo. (It is not certain that the customer has the ability to pay off the loan.) Examples of the subjunctive being used in giving advice: Es importante que (It is important that): Es importante que comiences una dieta sana. (It is important that you begin a healthy diet.)Es aconsejable que (It is advisable that):  ¿A partir de quà © edad es aconsejable que un nià ±o tenga mà ³vil? (Beginning at what age is it advisable that a child has a cellphone?)Es necesario que (It is necessary that): Es necesario que todo cambie. It is necessary that everything change. (Note that in this instance and the following two, the English translation explicitly uses the subjunctive mood.)Es preciso que (It is necessary that): Es preciso que Amà ©rica Latina reduzca la pobreza. (It is necessary that Latin America reduce poverty.) Examples of the subjunctive being used in expressing personal reactions: Es (una) lstima que (Its a shame that):  ¡Es una lstima que no està ©s conmigo! (Its a shame that you arent with me!)Es bueno que (It is good that): Es bueno que tus clientes te sigan en Twitter. (It is good that your customers are following you on Twitter. Note that the statement following que is factually true; the subjunctive is used here because the sentence is an evaluation of that fact.) Es ... Que Phrases Triggering the Indicative The indicative is used in these examples because of the expression of certainty, even though that certainty may be an opinion rather than factual. Es cierto que (It is certain that): Es cierto que solo dos personas conocen la formula secreta. It is certain that only two people know the secret formula. Es obvio que (It is obvious that): Es obvio que Miley Cyrus es mà ºchisimo mejor que Selena Gà ³mez. It is obvious that Miley Cyrus is much better than Selena Gomez. Es seguro que (It is certain that): Es seguro que el cliente tiene capacidad para devolver el prà ©stamo. It is certain that the customer has the ability to pay off the loan. No es dudoso que (It is not doubtful that): No es dudoso que ests obligado a restituirla. It is not doubtful that you are obligated to pay her back. (In real-life speech, however, it is fairly common to use the subjunctive after no es dudoso, despite what the rules of grammar say, possibly because Es dudoso que is always followed by the subjunctive.) Es verdad que (it is true that):  ¿Es verdad que los elefantes temen a los ratones? Is it true that elephants are afraid of mice? Key Takeaways A Spanish sentence beginning with es ____ que (it is _____ that) can be followed by a verb in either the subjunctive or indicative mood.The indicative verb is triggered by es ____ que phrases that express certainty.Subjunctive verbs are triggered by es ____ que phrases that indicate uncertainty, give advice, or provide an emotional reaction.

Tuesday, November 5, 2019

Analysis on Luxury Car Market in India

I also would like to thank her for letting me start my internship late so that I could get into an internship that I would like. . I want to thank Audi for taking me in as an intern, training me, and giving me a chance to hone my skills in marketing. My experience in this company taught me valuable lessons which will be with me even when I start my career and step into the corporate world. I also want to thank Ms. Ayesha Khan , the Assistant Marketing Manager(Direct Marketing) of the company for not only being my external guide but also a mentor. She was there to support me in all the work I took up in his company and encouraged me to implement my ideas. Table of Contents Executive summary Company profile History 1 Organizational structure 21 Audi in India 24 Reviews of Audi’s car lineup 35 Comparing Audi, BMW and Mercedes 69 Industry analysis Automobile industry in India 77 Luxury Car Market in India 80 Recent trends and developments in luxury car segment 86 Analysis and interpretation Questionnaire And Data Collection 88 Which is preferred more Audi, Mercedes or BMW 93 Why an Indian customer would like to spend on a luxury car? 4 Findings and discussions Bottlenecks in the industry 103 Suggestions and Recommendations The 8 speed Tiptronic transmission is very good, and is much smoother in casual driving than the S-tronic, and it shifts just as fast (we’ve driven both). Audi tells us that the TDI will be following in year 2 for the A7, though we’ve driven it in Europe with the 3. 0TDI, and it’s quite simply amazing. Torque junkies, you want the 3. 0TDI. Connecting the front and rear axles is an all new Crown Gear center differential. This unit is more compact (lighter) and more efficient than the previous Torsen center differentials, and allows for more rearward bias than before. Its still 100% mechanical, but uses a different arrangement of crown and pinion gears, with the addition of mechanically activated clutchpacks to do its thing. Weve driven the A7 on ice and snow, and can verify that the crown gear center diff works exceedingly well. Off the line, the A7 launches firmly, certainly fast enough to excite your passengers and others around you. In Tiptronic mode, drivers will want to make quick work with the shifter lever to keep up with the relatively short ratios and quick revving engine. Audi says the A7 3. TFSI will run to 60 in 5. 4 seconds. We didn’t put a watch to it, but that seems about right, if maybe a little pessimistic. This car is really quick off the line, and the throttle to smile relationship is very close. Merging onto the highway, passing on 2 lane roads, and just general hooning are easy, and hugely fun. On the highway, the A7 has more than ample power for cruising at legal and beyond speeds. Because of the smooth and quiet natu re of the car, it’s all too easy to find yourself clicking along at speeds that the nice man in the

Saturday, November 2, 2019

Water pollution in India Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Water pollution in India - Essay Example India is the 2nd most populous country in the world and the 7th largest by size, India's economy has been galloping along at 9.43% per annum for the last couple of years, agriculture accounts for 43% of the geographical area of India and the rest is allocated to industries and domestic living. The market for drinking water is potentially a gold mine waiting to be dug because this is one of the most populous countries in the world and is right there at the top in terms of geographical size. The water pollution has been on the rise ever since India started opening up its economy because then by default the demand for each and every product increased because of increasing globalization and hence it can be said that the standard of living has risen and this has caused even more pollution because this sets off the industrial process even more rigorously because demand even increases locally and hence more has to be produced and because of that more income is generated. Agriculture though has been on the decline in India but still 60% of the labor force is involved in agriculture and hence fertilizers and other synthetic materials are being used which increase the dangers of polluting the ground water. Another concern is the alarming rate at which India's population has been increasing, this is a cause of concern because the domestic waste produced is another major cause of polluting the water resources and also a growing population means that more people need access to drinking water but it also means that there would be much more pollution and hence lesser drinking water available for every one in the country. The government has been trying to do all it can to stop the industrial pollution by giving certain advantages to factories who install systems through which water pollution is lessened but to date it has failed to implement it on a large scale. Costs and benefits: There is a debate in the Indian sub continent that should water be commercialized or not because it is just a lucky few that have the means of buying water that has been commercialized and the others have to make do with the same unhygienic, unclean water which is hazardous for health. But the flip side of the argument is that the government has failed to deliver on this front and hence private companies have taken over and off course they would do so only if there is a profit, but what if these companies stop providing the clean water that they are currently providing Then each and every one would have to resort to the same unclean water and as a result the percentage of people falling ill from water borne diseases would increase and hence as a result the cost for the government would go up, so there is plenty of potential in the commercialized water sector and the time is now. Plan: The firm in question can do one of two things, first, it can set up its own distillation plant and take the initiative to bottle the water it self and hence it will have to inadvertently advertise to compete with the products that are already available on the market and hence this might create problems because a brand image of the previous companies would have been formed where as the new firm would have to advertise on a big scale to take its share of the market that would mean that the costs are high right from the start and the competitors might even engage in drastic cuts in prices and the firm in question will not be able to compete with the established firms on the basis of costs because the established firms will be experiencing economies of scale because of their greater experience in this certain kind of a market. The other option available to this firm is to operate its distillation plant and supply this water to another firm that has already been established in this particular industry. This would make things a lot simpler because due to this the firm can

Thursday, October 31, 2019

Using Humor to Survive Tragedy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Using Humor to Survive Tragedy - Essay Example Not a single character in the play profits from propriety. The not so serious characters are the ones who  benefit  in the end; and it is because of their  frivolous  behavior all through the play. This indicates that there is little, if any,  benefit  to being modest. In bill Cosby’s words, when one finds laughter, they can survive some of the worst moments in life.  By using humor, one can  stand  up to the challenges that life brings, no matter tragic they may be.  Situations in life are always changing; once one finds an  intriguing  way to survive a  dark  session, they will make it to the happy parts. In The Importance of Being Earnest, Oscar puts the conventions in the Victorian times aside and presents us the absurdity of such an  ardent  attachment  to seriousness. The  play  presents two young men, Algernon and Jack. Algernon is the symbol of un-earnestness, and Jack is his  ward  in jocularity and deceit. Marriage is of utmost significance in The Importance of Being Earnest. This is because it is what drives the  plot  and is the  primary  subject  for  philosophical  debate and speculation. We  are introduced  to the nature of marriage for the first time when Algernon is talking to his butler, Lane. The subject of marriage stays on for the most part of the  play  as it develops. Jack and Algernon talk about the important things in marriage, and what matters in it. They  talk  of it as either a matter of â€Å"pleasure† or â€Å"business†. During Victorian times, there were conventions on marriage; with  regard  to its  purpose  and  nature. These include such things as the social position of a person, the  income  the person had as well as the person’s  character. Algernon and jack are remarkably in the know of these assumptions, as well. Society expects them to follow these conventions, but they do not. They ridicule th ese customs, and, in situations where they cannot, they assume the

Tuesday, October 29, 2019

Regulatory and legislative issues paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Regulatory and legislative issues paper - Essay Example â€Å"Thousands of US organizations must comply with the†¦ Security Rule. The Security Rule is a key part of HIPAA -- federal legislation that was passed into law in August 1996. The overall purpose of the act is to enable better access to health insurance, reduce fraud and abuse, and lower the overall cost of health care in the United States† (HIPAA, 2010). The overall common estimation is that the Security Rule has affected healthcare positively, leading to greater client confidentiality and better information access for healthcare facilities. However, cost is a major issue in implementing new technology covered by the rule, such as the establishment of electronic health records. It is important to provide a general overview of the HIPAA Security Rule, its strengths and drawbacks, and how it is being implemented, and reacted against, in the present. databases, and communications. Patients are expected, and have been shown to, have a greater quality of healthcare because of the rule, because due to it, information and healthcare data is delivered faster, better, and more conveniently. Although some state that the rule is excessive, because the government would have to provide for client confidentiality with or without the law, others state that, â€Å"The real value of HIPAAs transaction standards is the reduction of operational expenses and fragmentation in the health care industry† (Zimmerman, 2010). This shows the law to be cost effective, and it is also gathered to be cost-effective from the standpoint of government costs for social welfare programs like Medicare. Although cost effectiveness and better, safer, faster patient information seem to be key advantages to the HIPAA Security Rule, there are also possible drawbacks as this law extends over time. For example, although ultimately the new technology covered by the rule is designed to make facilities more

Sunday, October 27, 2019

The Evaluation And Invention Of Social Work Social Work Essay

The Evaluation And Invention Of Social Work Social Work Essay This short study takes up the evaluation and assessment of two social work intervention theories, namely the Task Centred Approach and the Crisis Intervention Method, with special regard to their implications and applications for social work practice. Social workers, in the course of their practice, are often called upon to help people in coping and dealing with different types of difficulties in their lives. Human beings face situations of crisis at one time or the other during their lives (Roberts, 2000, p 11). The crisis theory postulates that the occurrence of crises is normal to life. Such crisis situations can occur suddenly, like family illnesses or a loss of jobs, or be unpredictable, like entering school or growing older (Roberts, 2000, p 11). Individuals attempt to cope with crises with their available mechanisms, but face problems when such mechanisms do not work or when earlier unresolved crises get reactivated. Social workers are often called upon to intervene with individuals and help them in coping with their crises (Roberts, 2000, p 11). The task-centred approach is a progressive and goal-orientated method for social work practice. It constitutes a practice-based approach that is built on research and is being used in a diverse settings and circumstances (Nash, et al, 2005, p 33).  It represents a social work method wherein clients are assisted in carrying out problem reducing tasks within specific time periods. It is structured, problem focused and time-restricted and is being increasingly used in contemporary social service interventions (Nash, et al, 2005, p 33). Crisis intervention is often grouped together with the task centred approach. Malcolm Payne (1991, p 4) sees significant common ground between crises intervention and task centred approaches to social work practice. Both methods focus on problem solving, deal with brief interventions and are related to learning theory. This essay takes up the examination and assessment of these two theories, with especial regard to their communalities, their differences and their relevance for social work practice. Due regard is given to the implications of anti-oppressive practice. 2. Crisis Intervention Theory The crisis theory states that it is important for people to resolve their crises situations and experiences in order to cope with new developments and crises (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). If individuals are unable to resolve their earlier crises, they become more vulnerable to inability to resolve new crises. Individuals who learn new skills to resolve their crises are on the other hand strengthened in coping with future crisis situations (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). Human beings have considerable capacities for handling or dealing with difficult situations. It is only when such difficulties assume significant proportions and people do not have appropriate resources, personal, emotional, social, spiritual or physical, to deal appropriately with stressful circumstances or events that they become involved in crises. Difficult or stressful events do not by themselves result in crisis situations (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). Crises are actually determined by the responses of individuals to specific stres sful circumstances or events and their responses to them. Crises develop only when individuals perceive specific events to be significant and threatening, try to handle such events with their usual coping strategies without success, and are not able to use other alternatives (Aguilera, 1998, p 47). Behavioural and psychological experts perceive crises to be akin to states of psychological disequilibrium. Individuals experiencing crises are likely to experience a range of emotions like feelings of apprehension, anxiety, fear, guilt and helplessness (Nash, et al, 2005, p 37). Other indicators include alterations in eating and sleeping patterns, activity and energy levels and ability to concentrate. People in crises are also commonly known to suffer from depression and withdraw from social intervention (Nash, et al, 2005, p 37). Social work experts argue that whilst the majority of crises run their course or reach some semblance of stability within one or two months, it is necessary for skilled intervention to take place to strengthen the coping mechanisms of individuals. The failure to do so will result in the existence and continuance of crisis associated behaviours, even as the opportunity for change will be forgone (Nash, et al, 2005, p 37). People in crisis often have little by way of solutions and are receptive to external help and assistance (Roberts, 2000, p 19). The provisioning of skilled intervention by social work practitioners during the occurrence of the crises can result in opportunities for individuals experiencing crisis to learn new skills, achieve beneficial behavioural change, and regain stability. Individuals who have been able to successfully cope with crises are strengthened by such experiences and can use their skills in future times of difficulty (Roberts, 2000, p 19). Crisis intervention is essentially a professional response that is limited in terms of time and is used to assist individuals, families, and groups (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 83). Social workers aim to assess the openness of individuals experiencing crises to learning of new skills and mechanisms for coping. They also help individuals in reducing their feelings of helplessness, isolation, and distress and use social resources to help in restoring individuals to their prior functional levels, as soon as practically possible (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 83). Such social work intervention is done through listening, validation, acceptance, normalisation, reassurance, education, advocacy and brokering resources (Nash, et al, 2005, p 38). Crisis intervention can be specifically segregated into 7 stages, namely (a) establishment of communication and development of feelings with individuals that circumstances can become better, (b) assessment of situation, (c) exploration of available strengths and resources, (d) goal setting with the use of such strengths and resources, (e) implementation of plan, teaching of new skills and mobilisation of other support if required, (f) evaluation and adjustment of the plan and (g) follow up and termination of relationship (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 83). It is important for social workers to be skilled in crisis intervention because of the constant demand upon them for helping people in crisis situations (Roberts, 2000, p 19). Social workers are liable to encounter clients with diverse needs, which may in turn require research, strategic planning and the providing of individualised person centred support (Roberts, 2000, p 19). The nature of crisis intervention work also calls for confidentiality and emotional separation in order to deliver services in a professional manner (Roberts, 2000, p 19). 3. Task Centred Approach The task centred approach emerged in response to the slow and inadequate results that were being achieved through traditional casework methods (Reid, 1997, p 134). Traditional casework methods in social work were felt to be of limited use because of their resource intensive nature, their lack of focus, and their ambiguous outcomes, which were difficult to assess and quantify (Reid, 1997, p 134). Reid and Shyne engaged in extensive study in the late 1960s to explore alternate approaches to casework and developed the task centred approach for social work practice, which called for limited but intensely focused intervention periods. The approach was essentially client oriented and required the social worker to act as a facilitator (Reid, 1997, p 134). With the task centred approach helping clients to improve their difficulties quickly, the process was soon adopted for replication and development in the United Kingdom (Reid, 1997, p 134). Studies on the task centred approach revealed that unfocused help, as was provided by the psycho-social approach and the case study method, over long periods, resulted in reduction of hope and self confidence on the part of the client (Nash, et al, 2005, p 42). It also resulted in negative dependency and unnecessary attachments to specific organisations or particular social workers (Nash, et al, 2005, p 42). It was also seen that the setting of time limits for achievement of specific outcomes helped in building expectations of the possibility of rapid change and enhanced participant energy and motivation (Nash, et al, 2005, p 42). Whilst the task centred approach proved to be practically beneficial for clients and also served, reduce and optimise utilisation of limited social work resources, it also facilitated a shift towards the person centred approach, the negation of the assumption of the professional being the only source of expertise, and helped in achievement of greater empowerment and reduction of oppression (Naleppa Reid, 1998, p 63). The task centred approach calls for attention to be paid to social and external issues that affect individuals rather than on perceiving individuals and their psychological histories to be the main cause of their difficulties (Naleppa Reid, 1998, p 63). The task centred approach involves a structured method wherein the social worker firstly assists the service user in articulating the problems in the ways perceived by service users (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 87). The social workers subsequently helps the service user to detail and breakdown the problems, taking care to redefine them wherever necessary and helping the service user to locate important areas for action (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 87). The social worker finally motivates the service user to categorise and prioritise his or her individual problem in line with his or her perceptions (Naleppa Reid, 1998, p 63). The social worker and service user thereafter work in partnership to (a) specify and identify outcomes, (b) agree to contracts and (c) review and assess progress. Social workers who use the task centred approach should be able to positively engage service users and instil trust and confidence (Hepworth, et al, 2002, p 87). Commonalities in Task Centred and Crisis Intervention Approaches Task centred approaches and crisis intervention methods appear to merge well in both theory and practice (Watson, et al, 2002, p 96). Social work research indicates that the use of these methods have proved to be effective with a wide range of clients. Both theories emerged in response to the apparently ineffective outcomes of case work approaches that were grounded in psychodynamic theory (Watson, et al, 2002, p 96). Both methods additionally focus on brief and short term interventions. They are connected to learning theory and based upon problem solving ideas (Watson, et al, 2002, p 96). Both these approaches call upon social workers to engage in participative and joint activity with service users, first to assess and analyse problems and their causes and then take action to deal with such problems (Sandoval, 2002, p 63). The application of these methods thus calls for the use of the person centred theory, the need to place the service user at the centre of the issue and the urgency of viewing the issue from his or her perspective (Sandoval, 2002, p 63). Social workers need to be very good listeners in order to be able to locate the real issues that are troubling service users and thereafter be able to help them with measures to tackle their difficulties (Sandoval, 2002, p 63). Like other social work methods, the task centred approach does have its limitations. It is in the first instance predicated upon the rationality of service users and their willingness to work with social workers (Nash, et al, 2005, p 53). It is also difficult to apply it without appropriate agency support. Despite such limitations the two approaches continue to be very useful, especially because of their instrumentality in increasing empowerment and their integral anti-oppressive approach (Nash, et al, 2005, p 53). The methods increase the abilities of service users through the inculcation of new skills and allow them to deal, not just with their current situations but with future circumstances of difficulty and oppression (Nash, et al, 2005, p 53). Conclusions Social work practice is influenced by many factors that require the taking account of the perspectives of service users, social workers, agencies and society. The approach of individual workers is bound to be influenced by numerous factors that can leave them confused and looking for guidance in their task of assisting service users in difficulties. The task centred approach and the crisis intervention theory provide useful tools to service users to assess the true conditions of service users, participate with them in structured, time bound and joint resolution of problems and empower them to face and overcome oppression. Social workers do however need to understand the implications of these theories and refrain from labeling their actions in all difficult situations to be task centred or critical intervention in nature. The true understanding of the potential and use of these theories will help them significantly in their practice scenarios.